It is thought that the myth of seven heavens came from ancient astrologists who could identify seven great heavenly objects (Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn) and assumed that each was moving in a separate heaven, in a series of layers above the earth. These were the only objects in the sky that people could see that moved with respect to the fixed stars. They gave us the names of the week: Sunday after the Sun, Monday after the Moon, and Tuesday to Friday after Norse versions of Mars, Mercury, Jupiter and Venus, and Saturday after Saturn.

In the Old Testament, the Hebrew word samayim (Strong’s Concordance #8064) is translated as “heaven” or “heavens” and has the following meanings according to the context in which the word is used:

• The earth’s atmosphere – “the rain had stopped falling from the sky” (Gen. 8:2 NIV).
• The realm of the stars – “the stars in the sky” (Gen. 22:17).
• The dwelling place of God and the angels – “Hear from heaven, Your [God’s] dwelling place” (2 Chr. 6:21).

Another expression representing the dwelling place of God is “the highest heaven” (literally the heaven of heavens): “To the LORD your God belong the heavens, even the highest heavens, the earth and everything in it” (Dt. 10:14). This expression doesn’t represent multiple heavens, but the uniqueness of God’s home compared to the atmosphere and the stars.

In the New Testament, the Greek word ouranos (Strong’s #3772) is translated as “heaven” or “heavens” and has the following meanings according to the context in which the word is used:

• The earth’s atmosphere – “the birds of the air” (Mt. 6:26).
• The realm of the stars – “the stars in the sky” (Heb. 11:12).
• The dwelling place of God and the angels – “Father in heaven” (Mt. 6:9; 12:50).
• God – “I have sinned against heaven [referring to Him] and against you” (Lk. 15:18).

Christ’s incarnation and ascension is described as: “He who descended is the very one who ascended higher than all the heavens” (Eph. 4:10). This expression doesn’t represent multiple heavens, but the uniqueness of God’s home compared to the atmosphere and the stars.

Paul said that he was “caught up to the third heaven,” which was “paradise” (2 Cor. 12:2-4). If God’s dwelling place is the third heaven, then the other two heavens are the earth’s atmosphere and the universe beyond the earth.

So the Bible refers to three different heavens, not seven heavens. These are three usages of the word “heaven,” not a series of layers above the earth. God dwells in the “highest heaven,” which is unique (Lk. 2:14).

It is not necessarily physically uppermost or furthest from the earth, but it is superior and supreme. That is why Jesus is “exalted above the heavens”; He is greater than anything in the atmosphere and the rest of the universe (Heb. 7:26).

Answered by George Hawke

The Lord is high above all nations, His glory above the heavens.
Who is like the Lord our God, Who dwells on high,
Who humbles Himself to behold the things
That are in the heavens and in the earth?
— Psalm 113:4-6 NKJV